| Coordinates ! | 
| The determination of each point on the surface of the earth is made using a geographic coordinate system. | | Latitude | | Latitude, usually denoted symbolically by the Greek letter phi (Φ) gives the location of a place on Earth (or other planetary body) north or south of the equator. Lines of Latitude are the horizontal lines shown running east-to-west on maps (particularly so in the Mercator projection). Technically, latitude is an angular measurement in degrees (marked with °) ranging from 0° at the equator (low latitude) to 90° at the poles (90° N or +90° for the North Pole and 90° S or −90° for the South Pole). The complementary angle of a latitude is called the colatitude | Longitude
| Longitude, symbolized by the Greek character lambda (λ), is the geographic coordinate most commonly used in cartography and global navigation for east-west measurement. A line of longitude is a north-south meridian and half of a great circle.
| When determining the position of a point on the land first mentioned the latitude and after the longitude..
| | | | | | | | | |
|
2nd Issue 